| With some of the smaller species, breeding may begin at three or four years, but most larger species are not great breeders until much later. usually, breeding does not begin until the fifth year, and a few males do not breed until the three year later. |  |
| Emperor penguins form colonies around the shoreline of the antarctic continent and adjacent islands. They prefer places that have fairly enough ice. | |
King penguins nest and breed on subantarctic and antarctic islands. They live beachs and anywhere that has some access to the ocean. |
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| Adélies often nest 50 to 60 km from the edge of the sea ice on the antarctic continent and nearby on rocky islands, peninsulas, beaches, hillsides, valleys, and other areas free of ice. | |
| Gentoo penguin colonies can be inland or coastal on antarctic and subantarctic islands and peninsulas. They tend to breed on ice-free ground on beaches, in valleys, on inland hills, and on cliff tops. | |